Electronic cigarette safety

Some users forgo the use of cartridges and "drip" liquid directly onto the atomizer, in a method that has aptly come to be known as "dripping". Some manufacturers have responded to this practice by creating special mouthpieces that are intended primarily to ease use by the dripping method.

Liquids used to produce vapor in electronic cigarettes are widely sold separately for use in refillable cartridges. Liquid is commonly known as "nicotine solution" when it contains the actual nicotine component.Liquids are also sometimes referred to as "e-liquid", "e-juice", etc. in keeping with the "e-" nomenclature. Liquids commonly contain some amount of flavoring, with hundreds of different flavors available. Some flavor varieties attempt to resemble traditional cigarette types, such as regular tobacco andmenthol, and some even attempt to mimic specific cigarette brands, such asMarlboroorCamel. Fruit and other flavors, such as chocolate, vanilla, caramel, coffee, and cola, is also available.

Liquid solution consists of flavoring and/or nicotine dissolved in one or severalhygroscopiccomponents, which turns the water in the solution into the smoke-like vapour when heated. The most commonly used hygroscopic components arepropylene glycol, vegetableglycerinorpolyethylene glycol 400, usually referred to as PG, VG and PEG 400 respectively. All three are common food additives and used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations. Since concerns have been raised by various opponent groups regarding the safety of inhaling these substances, it has been pointed out by proponents that PG has been used as an additive inasthma inhalersandnebulizerssince the 1950s, with no serious adverse side effects, and because of its water-retaining properties, is the compound of choice for delivering atomized medication. The U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA) include propylene glycol on its list of substances Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), and it meets the requirements of accept able compounds within Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

Liquid solutions containing nicotine are available in differing nicotine concentrations to suit user preferences. Nicotine concentration ratings are often printed on the liquid container or cartridge (the standard notation "mg/ml" is often abbreviated simply as "mg").

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